Machaeranthera pinnatifida var. pinnatifida
Big Bend Natl. Park, TX
Spjut & Marin 15115, Nov 2002

Xanthisma spinulosum var. chihuahuanum
Brewster Co., TX
Spjut & Marin 15067, Nov 2002
Originally identified M. scabrella by Spjut,
revised by Guy Nesom, Feb. 2003
(syn. Machaeranthera pinnatifida
var. chihuahuana).

Xanthisma sp
Hudspeth Co., TX,
Spjut 16173, Nov 2007
Not in FNA

Krochmal, A. , S. Paur and P. Duisberg. 1854. Useful plants in the American Southwest. Econ. Bot. 8: 1–20. Macheranthera grindelioides: (Eriocarpum grindelioides Nuttall 1841) Shinners 1950 (cited as Aplopappus nuttallii Torrey & A. Gray 1836) mentioned that Hopi Indians used the root to make a tea to treat coughs.